The agent now cleans up its Docker images after every successful build

v0.45.0-beta

The agent now cleans up its Docker images after every successful build. Each deployment produced a new image and none were ever removed: on the production server, 171 images had piled up, including 29 versions of a single client API at 917 MB apiece, filling the disk to 92%. Past 90%, log collection stops by itself, and the platform lost a day of logs without anything flagging it. The agent now keeps the last two builds of each container, which leaves enough to roll back to the previous version without downloading again, and removes the layers left orphaned. The cleanup happens once the build and the upload are done: if it fails, your deployment still succeeds.